Class A
The combination license.
- One run
- 50 questions
- To pass
- 40 of 50
Vermont runs commercial licensing through its Department of Motor Vehicles, a conventional setup, but the state itself is not conventional in size: Vermont is one of the smallest and least populated states in the country — only Wyoming has fewer people — and that changes the practical experience of testing more than almost anything else about the process. Where a driver in a larger state might face a long drive to the nearest office, that is rarely the difficulty in Vermont — the offices themselves are not far apart.
Every figure below names the document it came from, so you can check it rather than take our word for it.
Fees change without notice, so we do not repeat them here. Check Vermont Department of Motor Vehicles for the current cost.
The knowledge tests are set by federal rule, so the questions are the same wherever you sit them. What changes is the paperwork above.
The combination license.
The heavy straight vehicle license. Group B covers a single vehicle rating 26,001 pounds or more, or one towing a unit of 10,000 pounds or less.
The small vehicle license.
The knowledge test every commercial driver takes, whatever class or endorsement they are after.
Required before you may drive any commercial vehicle with air brakes.
Required for a Class A license. Coupling and uncoupling, off-tracking, trailer brakes and the handling of a vehicle that is jointed in the middle.
The H endorsement. Placarding, shipping papers, loading and segregation rules, and what to do when something leaks.
The N endorsement. Surge, baffles, bulkheads, high center of gravity and the way a part-full tank changes how a vehicle stops and turns.
The T endorsement. Coupling and uncoupling multiple trailers, converter dollies, crack-the-whip and the inspection points a second trailer adds.
The P endorsement. Pre-trip and post-trip checks on a bus, loading and unloading, standee lines, and handling passengers on the road.
The S endorsement, taken alongside the passenger endorsement. Danger zones, mirror adjustment, loading and unloading students, and railroad crossings.
A study drill for the pre-trip inspection.
The substance of the knowledge exam is federal, set out in 49 CFR Part 383, and it does not change from one state to the next. Eighty percent correct is the pass mark on every section. Eighteen is old enough to drive commercially within Vermont; a load that crosses into another state needs a driver who is 21. Once a commercial learner permit is issued, federal rule requires a fourteen-day hold before the skills test can be booked, so use that stretch of time to finish the knowledge exams rather than leaving them until the end of it.
General knowledge applies to every applicant. From there it depends on what you intend to drive. Air brakes carry a separate exam; not taking it, or not passing it, results in a restriction on the license rather than a refusal, and that restriction bars you from vehicles fitted with air brakes. Combination vehicles come into play once you are towing more than ten thousand pounds. The remaining endorsements — tank, doubles and triples, passenger, school bus, hazardous materials — are added on top as needed.
Hazardous materials asks for more than a good exam score. A Transportation Security Administration background check runs alongside the written test, on its own timetable, and it is the part of the process most worth starting early.
Because Vermont is compact, it is realistic to compare more than one testing office and pick whichever has a slot sooner, rather than defaulting to the nearest one out of necessity. That is not something a driver in a large, spread-out state can usually do. Most of the roads connecting Vermont's towns are two-lane and rural rather than interstate, so travel time between offices can still run longer than the map distance suggests, even if the miles themselves are short.
This site does not quote fees. The Department of Motor Vehicles sets them and can change them without much notice, so a number printed here risks being wrong when you actually need it. What stays reliable is the content: the questions the knowledge exam covers, and where each answer comes from.
Every question on every one of these is free, and each answer names the handbook page it came from.
Every question names the handbook, section and page it was read from, so you can check the answer instead of taking our word for it.
How we write these